Learning Disabilities

DEFINITION: A condition in which one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language are deficient (Human Exceptionalities, 2011). It is a neurological disorder and an interdisciplinary exceptionality, but not considered a medical disorder. There are many classifications and includes areas of:

Oral Expression Listening comprehension Written expression Basic Reading Skill Reading comprehension Mathematical calculation Mathematical reasoning

STRATEGIES: Response to intervention method: A three tier approach to provide appropriate instruction. Tier 1: A well designed program with assessments at regular intervals. Tier 2: After ten weeks, provide supplemental instructions for about 20-30 minutes for those showing early warning signs of difficulty. Tier 3: Obtain more specialized and intensive instruction for students who have not responded, usually through the resource department.

ACCOMMODATIONS/MODIFICATIONS: Research into the specific type of learning disability will determine specific programs and interventions to aid student. Most learning disabilities are treated through education modifications. Scaffolding may be useful in many situations.

TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES:

http://www.ldanatl.org/ http://www.ldaamerica.org Learning Disabilities Association of America

http://www.ncld.org/ Nation Center for Learning Disabilities

http://www.ldonline.org/ Learning Disabilities on-line

http://www.interdys.org International Dyslexia Association

http://idea.ed.gov/ US Department of Education/IDEA Web site

http://www.dyslexiacenterofutah.org/ The Dyslexia Center of Utah

http://www.dyslexia-teacher.com Dyslexia Teacher (includes specific strategies)

On-line books: Learning disabilities: from identification to Intervention - Jack McFarlin Fletcher - 2007 - 324 pages. A state-of-the-science learning disabilities reference.

Learning disabilities: practice issues in health settings. - Margaret Todd, Tony Gilbert - 1994 - 208 pages. This book introduces and explains relevant concepts.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES: Research into the specific type of learning disability will determine environmental resources needed.